Lydia Nakashima Degarrod

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Education

Ph.D. in Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles, 1989.
Area of specialization: Dreams and South American Indigenous Peoples.
Ph.D. dissertation: Dream Interpretation Among The Mapuche Indians Of Chile.

M.A. in Folklore & Mythology, University of California, Los Angeles, 1981.
Area of specialization: Dreams and Verbal Arts.
M.A. thesis: Dream Narratives among the Mapuche of Chile.

M.A. in Hispanic Literature, University of Hawaii, Manoa, 1977.
Area of specialization: 20th Century Spanish Literature

B.A .in Philosophy, University of Hawaii, Manoa, 1977.



Honors and Fellowships

Visiting Scholar. Center for Latin American Studies. University of California at Berkeley, 1998-2000

Senior Fellow. Center for the Study of World Religions. Harvard University, 1997-98.

Post-Doctoral Fellowship. Commonwealth Center for Literary and Cultural Change. University of Virginia, 1992-1993.

National Endowment for the Humanities Summer Seminar Fellowship. University of California, Berkeley. Summer 1992.

Fulbright-Hays Doctoral Dissertation Grant. U.S. Department of Education, 1985-1987.

Harry Hoijer Memorial Research Grant. University of California, Los Angeles. Winter 1984.

Tinker Summer Travel Grant. Latin American Center, University of California, Los Angeles. Summer 1980.

Teaching Fellow. University of California, Los Angeles, 1983-85, 1987-88

Teaching Assistant. University of Hawaii, Manoa, 1975-1977.



Research Experience

Center for Latin American Studies. University of California at Berkeley. Study of spirits of dead in urban areas in Chile.

Center for the Study of World Religions. Harvard University. Study of the operation and construction of the aesthetic and the sacred in Mapuche narratives, 9/97-98.

Department of Anthropology. University of California at Berkeley. Historical and anthropological study of Mapuche shamanism from the 16th Century to the present, 9/93-6/94.

Commonwealth Center for the Study of Literary and Cultural Change. University of Virginia. The role of dreams in the construction of ethnicity and cultural memory, 9/92-6/93.

National Endowment for the Humanities Summer Seminar. University of California, Berkeley. Images of Amazonia. Study of contemporary developments in the Amazon and the processes of symbolic creation and transformation, 6/92-7/92.

Fulbright-Hays Doctoral Dissertation Grant. Ethnographic study of the use of dreams by the Mapuche Indians of Chile, 10/85-3/87.

Harry Hoijer Memorial Research Grant. Study of the Mapuche language and preliminary study of the uses of dreams, 2/84-4/84.

Tinker Summer Travel Grant. Preliminary fieldwork among the Mapuche Indians of Chile. Research focused on storytelling and shamanic dreams, 6/80-9/80.



Academic Positions

California College of the Arts, San Francisco, 2005-present

University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, 2003-2005.

Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine, 1994 -1997.

Occidental College, Eagle Rock, California, 1990-1991.



Publications: Articles in Journals

Paintings as Ethnographic Representation. The International Journal of Arts in Society, Volume 1, Issue 7, pp. 147-156, 2007. International Award for Excellence in the Area of Art.

Female Shamanism and the Mapuche Transformation into Christian Chileans. Religion , Fall 1999.

Landscapes of Terror, Dreams, and Loneliness: Explorations in Art, Ethnography, and Friendship. New Literary History, Fall 1998.

(with Douglass Price-Williams) Dreaming as Interaction. Anthropology of Consciousness, vol.7, 1996.

Sueños de Muerte y de Transformación de los Mapuche de Chile. In Concepciones de la Muerte y el "Más Allá" en las Culturas Indígenas Sudamericanas. Edited by Jean Langdon and María Susana Cipolletti. Quito: Abya-Yala Editions, 1994.

Contemporary Uses of the Latua Pubiflora among the Huilliche of Chile. In Plantas Maestro: Amazzonia, Painte, Nouvi Farmacia. Proceedings of the Convegno Internazionale di Anthropologia, Medicina ed Ecologia in America Latina. Edited by Antonio Bianchi. Milano, Italy, 1993.

Coping with Stress: Dream Interpretation in the Mapuche Family. Psychiatric Journal of the University of Ottawa, vol. 15: 1, 1990 (referenced by Sociological Abstracts, Inc, 0513: 2046).

Punkurre y Punfuta, los cónyuges nocturnos: pesadillas y terrores nocturnos entre los Mapuche de Chile. In Antropología y Experiencias del Sueño. Edited by Michel Perrin. Quito: Abya-Yala Editions, 1990.

(with Douglass Price-Williams) El contexto y el uso de los sueños en ciertas sociedades Amerindias. In Antropología y Experiencias del Sueño. Edited by Michel Perrin. Quito: Abya-Yala Editions, 1990.

(with Douglass Price-Williams) Communication, Context, and Use of Dreams in Amerindian Societies. Journal of Latin American Lore, vol. 15: 2, Winter 1989.

Algunas implicancias de la teoría de sueños Mapuche Segunda Jornada de Lenguas y Literatura Mapuche. Universidad Regional de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile, 1987.

Clasificaciones de sueños Mapuche Publicaciones de la Sexta Semana Indigenista. Pontificia Universidad Católica, Temuco, Chile.

(with Benjamin Kilborne) Dreamlikeness: The Paintings of Giorgio de Chirico Dreamworks, vol 3:4, 1983-4.



Publications: Articles in Edited Volumes

Souls of Virgins, Victims and Bandits: Searching for Miracles and Justice in the Chilean Roadsides and Streets. In Roadside Memorials. Edited by Jennifer Clark. University of New England Press, Australia, 2007.

Dreaming the Spirit of a Rock: Contemporary Religious Practice in a Mapuche community. In Religions of Latin America in Practice. Edited by Gustavo Benavides. Princeton University Press (forthcoming).

Mapuche Notions of Self. In Self and Others in the Postmodern Age. Edited by Naoko Takiguchi. Tokyo: Gakujutsu Tosho Syuppan, 2004.

Mapuche: Dream Interpretation and Ethnic Consciousness. In Portraits of Culture. Edited by David Levinson. Prentice-Hall, 1995.

From Hunters and Gatherers to Peasants: The Mapuche Indians of Chile. In Anthropology of Food and Health. Edited by Naoko Takiguchi. Tokyo: Gakujutsu Tosho Syuppan, 1995.

The Discovery of the New World and its Ecological and Cultural Consequences. In Anthropology of Food and Health. Edited by Naoko Takiguchi. Tokyo: Gakujutsu Tosho Syuppan, 1995.

Araucanians. In Encyclopedia of World Cultures. Human Relations Area Files. New York: G.K. Hall-Macmillan Press, 1994.



Invited Presentations

An Emergence of Images and Knowledge. Emerging Images of Humanity in the 21st century Symposium. Eranos Foundation. Ascona, Switzerland. August 2007.

Souls of Bandits, Virgins, and Victims: Searching for Miracles and Justice in the Chilean Roadsides and Streets. Roadside Memorials Conference. University of New England, Armidale, Australia. 2004.

The Use of Visual Art in the Making of Ethnographies. In Fieldworking: confronting the challenges and possibilities of ethnographic fieldwork. Western Social Science Conference. Salt Lake City, 2004.

Crossing Paths and Merging Visions: The Depiction of Ethnographic Realities through Visual Art. Utah State University, February 6, 2004.

Souls of Bandits, Virgins and Victims: Searching for Miracles and Justice. Anthropology and Arts Series of Lectures. Museum of Anthropology, Utah State University. February 5, 2004.

Painting Mapuche Dreams of Heaven: Authenticity and Ambiguity. In The Arts and Identity: Authenticity and Ambiguity Panel. 2001 Symposium Race and Ethnicity: A Global Inquiry. EPIIC. Tufts University. March 3, 2001.

The Mapuche of Chile and Development. In Indigenous People: Development and Cultural Survival Panel. 2001 Symposium Race and Ethnicity: A Global Inquiry EPIIC. Tufts University. March 4, 2001.

Cielos Imaginados y la emergencia de lo estetico. Instituto Nacional de Antropología. Buenos Aires, Argentina. May 6, 1999.

Imagining The Beauty of Mapuche Dreams of Heaven. Saint Michael's College, Vermont. March 14, 1999.

Painting Mapuche Dreams of Heaven. Harvard University, Cambridge. March 11, 1999. Imagining the Land Of Goodness and Beauty: Watercolors of Mapuche Dreams of Heaven. University of California at Berkeley. November 14, 1998.

La operación de lo estético en narrativas de sueño Mapuche. Department of Spanish and Portuguese. Georgetown University. March 3, 1998.

Landscapes of Terror, Dreams, and Loneliness: Explorations in Art, Ethnography, and Friendship. New Literary History Journal and the Division of Technology, Culture and Communication. University of Virginia. April 10, 1996.

Shamanism and Natural Phenomena: Ancestor's Morality and Ethnic Consciousness. Center for the Study of Humanities (Keynote Speaker). University of Colorado, Colorado Springs. March 9, 1994.

Indigenous Religious Resistance to Religiously Sanctioned Warfare: The Mapuche Shamans and the Missionaries. Latin American Studies Center. Standford University. October 20, 1993.

Dreaming Tradition: Mapuche Shamanic Leadership and Colonialism. In Remembering and Forgetting Series. Commonwealth Center for Literary and Cultural Change. University of Virginia. April 26, 1993.

Dreams of Ethnicity, Discourses of Resistance: The Rise of Political Power among Women Shamans of the Mapuche. Invited Speaker Series. Department of Anthropology. University of Virginia. September 21, 1992.

Languages of Power: Mapuche Shamanic and Political Speeches of the 20th Century. Academic Knowledge and Political Power (Advisor and Presenter). University of Maryland, College Park. November 22, 1992.

Women's Dreams of Death. Colloquia on the Spectacle of Death. Center for the Study of World Religions. Harvard University, Cambridge. April 2, 1991.



Selected Conference Presentations

Violence and the Creation of Bodily Knowledge and Empathy in Art and Ethnography. In Sensory Worlds-Sensory Methods. Beyond Text? Synaesthetic and Sensory Practices in Anthropology Conference. University of Manchester, England. June 2007.

Paintings as Ethnographic Representations. In Ethnographers Making Artworks as Ethnographic Representations (Chair of Symposium). International Conference on Arts in Society. University of Edinburgh, Scotland, August, 2006.

Souls of Bandits, Virgins, and Victims: Searching for Miracles and Justice in the Chilean Roadsides and Streets. Roadside Memorials Conference. University of New England, Armidale, Australia. 2004.

The Use of Visual Art in the Making of Ethnographies. In Fieldworking: confronting the challenges and possibilities of ethnographic fieldwork. Western Social Science Conference. Salt Lake City, 2004.

Mapuche Shamanic Individual Suffering and Communal Healing. In Spiritual Transformation and Radical Empathy: Universal Experiences in Effective Healing. American Anthropological Association. Chicago, 2003.

Las Animitas Chilenas: Testimonios de Violencia e Injusticia. In Cultos Religiosos Populares en America Latina, International Congress of Americanists. Santiago, Chile, 2003.

Aesthetics and Politics in Chilean Mapuche Autobiographical Shamanic Discourse. Indigenous Amazonia at the Millennium: Politics and Religion. Tulane University, January 2001.

The Ethnographer as an Artist: The Making of Heavens of the Imagination. In Ethnographies as Images: New Trends in Ethnographic Representation (Co-Chair of Panel). American Anthropological Association. Chicago, 1999.

Dreaming Money and Debts: The Aesthetics and Ethics of Commodities in Mapuche Dreams of Misfortunes and Heavens. In Ritual and the World Commodities (Invited Session). American Anthropological Association. Philadelphia, 1998.

Domination, Gender, and Modernity: The Mapuche as Chilean Citizens. In Latin American Symbolic Systems: Papers in Honor of Johannes Wilbert. American Anthropological Association. San Francisco, 1996.

Landscapes of Terror, Dreams, and Loneliness: Explorations in Art, Ethnography, and Friendship. American Anthropological Association. Washington D.C. 1995.

Indigenous Religious Resistance to Religiously Sanctioned Warfare: The Mapuche Shamans and the Missionaries. XIX International Congress of the Latin American Studies Association. Washington D.C. September 1995.

The Cultural Politics of State Formation: Gender, Ethnicity, and Female Shamanism among the Mapuche of Chile. In Women and Religious Innovation. XVII Congress of the International Association of the History of Religions. Mexico City, Mexico. August 1995.

Shamanic Dream Discourse, Ancestors' Morality and the Construction of Ethnic Consciousness. In The Social Life of the Dream. American Anthropological Association. Atlanta, 1994.

Politics, Patriarchy and Female Shamanism among the Mapuche of Chile. In The Nation/State and its Sexual Dissidents. American Anthropological Association. Washington D.C. 1993.

Mapuche Shamans As Political Leaders: The Sacred in the Construction of Ethnicity. In Cultural influence on Religious Practice. Society for the Scientific Study of Religion and Religious Research Association. Washington D.C. November 7, 1992.

Dreams as Discourses of Resistance. In Discourses of Resistance among Indigenous Peoples of Latin America (Chair of panel ). Latin American Indigenous Literatures Association (Coordinator). San Juan, Puerto Rico. January 1992.

Physical Violence, Dreams and Spiritual Power: Transformation and Leadership in a Mapuche Society. In invited session Inscriptions of Power on the Body. Sponsored by the Society for Cultural Anthropology and the Society for Political and Legal Anthropology. American Anthropological Association. Chicago, November 1991.

My Father Came To Take Me Away: Death Dream Narratives Among the Mapuche of Chile. 47th International Congress of Americanists. New Orleans, July 1991.

Mapuche Dream Narratives. Latin American Indian Literatures Association Ninth Symposium. Quito, Ecuador. June 1991.

Dreams of Death among the Mapuche. Gregory Stone Memorial Symposium. Society for the Study of Symbolic Interaction. University of California, San Francisco. February 1991.

Of Rock Keepers and Earthquakes: The Political Use of Dreams among the Mapuche. Narrative of the Human Sciences. University of Iowa, July 1990.

Luck, Shame and Death: Uses of Latua Pubiflora among the Huilliche of Chile. Las Plantas Maestro: Amazzonia, Painte, Nouvi Farmaci, Convegno Internazionale di Anthropologia, Medicina ed Ecologia in America Latina. Saint Vincent, Italy, April 1990.

Coping with Stress: Dream Interpretation in the Mapuche Family. Association for the Study of Dreams. University of London, England. July 1989.

Punkurre and Punfuta, The Nocturnal Spouses: Nightmares And Night Terrors Among The Mapuche Indians of Chile. 46th International Congress of Americanists. Amsterdam, Holland. July 1988

(with Douglass Price-Williams) The Context And Usage Of Dreams In Certain Amerindian Societies. 46th International Congress of Americanists. Amsterdam, Holland. July 1988.

Dream Interpretation And The Notion Of Self. American Anthropological Association, Chicago. November 1987.

Dreaming Wisdom: A Study Of Dream Narrative Among The Mapuche Indians Of Chile California Folklore Society. University of California, Los Angeles. April 1987.

Algunas implicancias de la teoría de sueños Mapuche Segunda Jornada de Lengua y Literatura Mapuche. Universidad de La Frontera. Temuco, Chile. October 1986.

Clasificaciones de sueños Mapuche Sexta Semana Indigenista, Pontificia Universidad Catolica. Temuco, Chile. November 1986.

The Zumpall: The Merman Angel of the Mapuche Indians of Chile. American Folklore Society. San Antonio, Texas. October 1981.



Reviews

Spears of Twilight: Three years among the Jivaro Indians of South America. Phillippe Descola. New York: New Press, 1996. American Ethnologist, Spring 1998.



Professional Services

Advisory Board, Journal for the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

Speaker for Workshop Society for Latin American Anthropology Strategies for Successful Fieldwork in Latin America

Proposal reviewer for the Wenner-Gren Foundation

Reviewer for Journal of the Latin American Lore

Reviewer for The Latin American Anthropology Review

Reviewer for Journal of Anthropological Research

Reviewer for Princeton University Press

External Reviewer for Utah State University New Faculty Research Program

Reviewer for American Anthropologist



Languages

Spanish (native speaker), French and Portuguese (reading), Mapudungun (competent).



Professional Societies

American Anthropological Association

Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

College of Art Association

Fulbright-Hays Alumni Association




©2005, 2006, 2007 Lydia Nakashima Degarrod
All rights reserved.